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Learn From History: HCNC's Kiosks Community Outreach Campaign
In December 2007, HCNC launched a community outreach campaign on the streets of San Francisco.
Large format posters, which appear on the kiosks that line San Francisco's Market Street, present dramatic images of 20th century genocides, and include a warning to learn from the tragic consequences of these dark moments in our history.
The posters were designed by award-winning graphic designer Mark Fox, and the kiosk space was donated by JC Decaux.
This online exhibit presents the posters, below, along with summaries of the genocides they depict. For more information about the outreach campaign or about HCNC's services and programs, please contact the Holocaust Center at info@hcnc.org or by telephone at 415/777-9060.
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Armenian Genocide, 1915-1918 (Ottoman Turkey)
During World War I, The Young Turk political faction of the Ottoman Empire sought the creation of a new Turkish state. Those promoting the ideology called "Pan Turkism" now saw its Armenian minority population as an obstacle to the realization of that goal.
On April 24, 1915, Armenian community leaders and intellectuals in Constantinople were arrested, sent East, and put to death. In May, adult and teenage males were separated from the deportation caravans and killed under the direction of Young Turk functionaries. Women and children were driven for months over mountains and desert, often raped, tortured, and mutilated. Deprived of food and water and often stripped of clothing, they fell by the hundreds of thousands along the routes to the desert. Ultimately, more than half the Armenian population, an estimated 1.5 million people, was annihilated.
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The Holocaust, 1939-1945
The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in countries that Nazi Germany would occupy or influence during World War II. By 1945, the Germans and their collaborators killed nearly two out of every three European Jews as part of the "Final Solution," the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe. Other victims of the Nazis included homosexuals and others whose behavior did not match prescribed social norms; political opponents (including Communists, Socialists, and trade unionists); religious dissidents (such as Jehovah's Witnesses); 200,000 Roma (Gypsies); and at least 200,000 mentally or physically disabled patients, mainly Germans, living in institutional settings.
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Rwandan Genocide, 1994
The Rwandan Genocide was the slaughter of an estimated 937,000 Tutsis and moderate
Hutus, mostly carried out by two extremist Hutu militia groups, the Interahamwe and the
Impuzamugambi, during a period of 100 days. Beginning on April 6, 1994, and for the next hundred days, up to 800,000 Tutsis were
killed by Hutu militia using clubs and machetes, with as many as 10,000 killed each day. The killings then spread throughout the countryside as Hutu militia, armed with machetes, clubs, guns and grenades, began indiscriminately killing Tutsi civilians. The killings only ended after armed Tutsi rebels, invading from neighboring countries, managed to defeat the Hutus and halt the genocide in July 1994. By then, over one-tenth of the population had been killed.
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Darfur Genocide, 2003-
In Sudan’s western region of Darfur, tens of thousands of civilians have been murdered
and thousands of women raped by Sudanese government soldiers and members of the
government-supported militia sometimes referred to as the Janjaweed. The ethnic and
perceived racial basis of the violence has been documented by the U.S. Department of
State, the United Nations, independent human rights organizations, and international
journalists. The Sudanese government primarily has targeted the civilian population of
the Fur, Zaghawa, and Masaalit ethnic groups, sometimes referred to as "Africans." The
government's Janjaweed milita groups are drawn from some of Darfur's "Arab" tribes. As
of August 2007 more than 400,000 people have been killed.
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